Why is review important in sport

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Cardiovascular fitness in males at age 18 and risk of serious depression in adulthood: Swedish prospective population-based study. Carroll D. Obesity, physical activity, and depressive symptoms in a cohort of adults aged 51 to Aging Health. Adamson B. Effect of exercise on depressive symptoms in adults with neurologic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Winter B. High impact running improves learning. Oppezzo M. Give your ideas some legs: The positive effect of walking on creative thinking.

Kramer A. Spielman L. Physical activity and exercise attenuate neuroinflammation in neurological diseases. Brain Res. Soundy A. Hassmen P. Physical exercise and psychological well-being: A population study in Finland. Coakley J. Sport Soc. Seligman M. Positive Health. Rongen F. Talent identification and development. Baker J. Sport participation and positive development in older persons.

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Dunleavy N. Proposed cuts to sport and recreation could hinder health of northern communities. Kim J. Serious engagement in sport and health benefits among Korean immigrants in the USA. Health Well-Being. Perrier M. Sport participation among individuals with acquired physical disabilities: Group differences on demographic, disability, and Health Action Process Approach constructs. Health J. Who is physically active?

Cultural capital and sports participation from adolescence to middle age—A year follow-up study. Sport Pedagog. LaPrade R. Tan V. Influence of physical activity on bone strength in children and adolescents: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Bone Miner. Timmons B. Systematic review of physical activity and health in the early years aged years Appl.

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A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. Paffenbarger R. Changes in physical activity and other lifeway patterns influencing longevity. Rivera-Torres S. McPhee J. Physical activity in older age: Perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Hamer M. Taking up physical activity in later life and healthy ageing: The English longitudinal study of ageing. Cobley S. Annual age-grouping and athlete development: A meta-analytical review of relative age effects in sport.

Unhjem R. Lifelong strength training mitigates the age-related decline in efferent drive. Power G. Motor unit number and transmission stability in octogenarian world class athletes: Can age-related deficits be outrun? Matelot D. Lepers R. Parkkari J. A controlled trial of the health benefits of regular walking on a golf course. Broman G. Golf: A high intensity interval activity for elderly men. Aging Clin.

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Haigh E. Alfini A. Aging Neurosci. Lazarus N. Declining performance of master athletes: Silhouettes of the trajectory of healthy human ageing? Support Center Support Center. External link. Please review our privacy policy. Children and youth Age 6—17 years. All children and adolescents are recommended at least 60 minutes daily physical activity. Adults Age 18— All adults from 18 years of age and above are recommended to be aerobically physically active at least minutes a week at a moderate intensity medium pulse increase , or at least 75 minutes per week at vigorous intensity marked pulse increase.

Same recommendations as adults. Larger proportion slow-twitch fibers [ 70 , 71 ]. Lower risk for metabolic syndrome with increased exchange of gases and nutrition [ 71 , 72 ]. Larger proportion slow-twitch [ 73 ]. Increased strength, coordination and balance in elderly [ 74 ] and in sickness [ 75 ], lower risk for fall [ 76 ].

Formation of new capillaries [ 71 ]. Increased aerobic capacity [ 71 ]. Improved endothelial function [ 71 ]. Lower risk for cardiovascular disease [ 77 ], improved function in heart disease [ 78 ]. Increased mitochondrial volume [ 46 ]. Increased aerobic capacity [ 79 ]. Improved glucose transport [ 80 ]. Improved insulin sensitivity [ 82 ]. Improved health in people with Type-2 diabetes [ 82 ], prevention of Typ-2 diabetes [ 83 ].

Increased heart capacity [ 71 ]. Lower risk for cardiovascular disease [ 77 ], fewer depressions [ 84 , 85 ], also in children [ 86 ]. Increased skeletal volume and mineral content [ 87 ]. Improved skeletal health [ 88 , 89 ]. Improved body composition [ 30 ]. Lower risk for metabolic syndrome [ 81 ]. Improved blood pressure regulation [ 90 , 91 ]. Lower risk for cardiopulmonary disease [ 92 ]. Improved blood lipid profile [ 93 ]. Improved peripheral nerve function [ 98 ].

Better coordination, balance and reaction [ 98 , 99 ], especially in children and elderly [ ]. Enhanced release of signaling substances [ 84 , ]. Better sleep [ ], less anxiety [ 68 ], treatment of depression [ 31 ]. Improved hippocampus function [ ]. Improved cognition and memory [ ], less medication [ ]. Positive effects on mental capacity [ ]. Counteract brain degeneration by diseases [ ] and age [ ].

Improved immune function [ ]. Decreased overall risk for disease [ , ], anti-inflammatory effects [ , ]. Strengthening the connection between brain, metabolism and immune function [ ]. Decreased risk for disease [ ], improved metabolism [ ], decreased risk for depression [ ]. Improved intestinal function [ 14 , ]. Improved health [ ], mitigated metabolic syndrome, obesity, liver disease, and some cancers [ ].

All-cause mortality. General recommendations. Cardiovascular disease. Insufficient evidence. Metabolic syndrome. Type-2 diabetes. General recommendations, data primarily on aerobic PA. Overweight and obesity weight loss. PA alone, without diet intervention only has an effect at large volume. General recommendations, combined with diet interventions. Overweight and obesity weight maintenance.

PA supports weight maintenance. General recommendations, stronger evidence for aerobic PA. Limited evidence. Skeletal health. General recommendations including muscle- strengthening physical activity. Hip fracture: Largest effect in elderly women Bone density: Largest effect in women. Muscle mass. Magnitude is highly variable and mode-dependent. Weight bearing activity. Decreased effect with age. General recommendations including muscle- and skeletal-strengthening physical activity.

Having a positive attitude goes a long way in determining the eventual outcome of the game between closely matched participants. Respect for the opponent is necessary but do not let this overwhelm you. Respecting their abilities, giving your best always, and no casualness in approach even when comfortably placed. Remember on a given day anything and everything is possible. Never give up attitude: As mentioned in section above, however hopeless the situation may seem, success is just around the corner.

No match is won till the last ball is bowled. Play to your strength, give it your best, enjoy the game, you have nothing to lose. Loss is not the end, there is no shame, disrespect, humiliation, provided you have given your best.

Fear of losing will increase your anxiety and cause distress and hence leading to poor performance and undesirable results. One develops management skills, negotiation skills, communication skills, convincing skills, conflict management and confidence. Sports in psychology and life helps develop team spirit, leadership skills, fairplay, never give up attitude and focus. It is a great leveller, helps us know our strengths and abilities, understand process and result, the value of planning, earnestness and sincerity, observation and analysis.

Psychology in sports helps develop a positive attitude, respect for the opponent, killer instinct, and a never give up attitude. Fear of losing adds to stress while stress should be used as a motivating factor. Sports help develop the attitude of never being unduly bothered about consequences; it also helps develop a positive body language.

I humbly acknowledge my parents, my teachers, my mentors, my guide, and last but not the least my wife and my son. Conflict of interest. This is my original unpublished article, not submitted for publication elsewhere.

Role of sports in the development of an individual and role of psychology in sports. Mens Sana Monogr ; Peer reviewer for this paper: Anon. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Mens Sana Monogr v. Mens Sana Monogr. Rakesh Ghildiyal , M. Please also ensure that you have obtained any necessary permission from copyright holders for reproducing any illustrations, tables, figures or lengthy quotations previously published elsewhere.

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